s4hanahub.comSAP knowledge hub

MM · Materials Management

Procure-to-Pay SAP S/4HANA training

Ein vollständiger MM-Einkaufsprozess von Bestellanforderung bis Lieferantenzahlung.

Prozess?berblick und Gesch?ftskontext

Procure-to-Pay verbindet operativen Einkauf, Wareneingang, Rechnungsprüfung und Zahlung. In S/4HANA muss das Team die gesamte Kette verstehen, weil schwache Bestellungen, späte Eingänge oder gesperrte Rechnungen schnell Finance und Lieferantenservice belasten.

Lernende erklären, wie ein Beschaffungsbedarf zu einer gebuchten Lieferantenverbindlichkeit und Zahlung wird.

End-to-End-Ablauf

  1. 1

    Purchase Requisition

    ME51N

    Fiori-App: Create Purchase Requisition

    ACDOCA-Auswirkung: No direct ACDOCA posting; creates demand and approval context.

  2. 2

    Purchase Order

    ME21N

    Fiori-App: Manage Purchase Orders

    ACDOCA-Auswirkung: No accounting entry for a standard PO, but commitment and valuation expectations are established.

  3. 3

    Goods Receipt

    MIGO

    Fiori-App: Post Goods Movement

    ACDOCA-Auswirkung: Posts inventory or expense and GR/IR clearing where valuation is relevant.

  4. 4

    Invoice Verification

    MIRO

    Fiori-App: Create Supplier Invoice

    ACDOCA-Auswirkung: Posts supplier liability, tax, price differences, and clears GR/IR where matched.

  5. 5

    Payment

    F110

    Fiori-App: Manage Automatic Payments

    ACDOCA-Auswirkung: Clears supplier open item and posts bank/cash movement.

Wichtige Tabellen

TableErkl?rung
EKKOPurchase order header: supplier, purchasing organization, document type, currency, and release state.
EKPOPurchase order items: material, quantity, price, plant, account assignment, and delivery tolerance.
MARAGeneral material master data used throughout procurement and inventory processing.
MSEG / MATDOCGoods movement item data; S/4HANA uses MATDOC as the material document line-item foundation.
RBKP / RSEGSupplier invoice header and item data used by invoice verification.
ACDOCAUniversal Journal line items for valuation, invoice, and payment-related financial postings.

Schritt-f?r-Schritt-Anleitung

Create the purchase requisition

Capture material, plant, quantity, delivery date, account assignment, and requester.

Achten Sie auf: If account assignment is wrong, invoice verification may block later even though purchasing looked correct.

Convert or create the purchase order

Confirm supplier, price, tax code, purchasing organization, delivery tolerances, and approval status.

Achten Sie auf: Avoid teaching ME21N as typing practice; explain why each field controls downstream receipt and invoice behavior.

Post goods receipt

Receive against the PO and check stock, valuation, and GR/IR postings.

Achten Sie auf: A late or missing goods receipt is one of the most common causes of blocked invoices.

Verify supplier invoice

Run the three-way match between PO, receipt, and invoice, then analyze any block.

Achten Sie auf: Price, quantity, and tax differences should be classified before they are released.

Pay and clear supplier item

Execute payment proposal, review exceptions, post payment, and confirm clearing.

Achten Sie auf: Payment terms and baseline date are master-data topics, not only finance topics.

H?ufige Fehler und Fehlerbehebung

Invoice blocked for quantity variance

Wahrscheinliche Ursache: Supplier invoiced more than received or receipt was not posted.

L?sungsweg: Check MIGO/MATDOC receipt and tolerance settings before releasing the block.

Wrong account assignment

Wahrscheinliche Ursache: Cost center, asset, WBS, or GL account was missing or incorrect on PR/PO.

L?sungsweg: Correct the purchasing document if possible; otherwise document the finance correction path.

GR/IR balance remains open

Wahrscheinliche Ursache: Receipt and invoice quantities or values do not reconcile.

L?sungsweg: Analyze PO history, invoice documents, and clearing logic before month-end close.

ECC zu S/4HANA Unterschiede

S/4HANA behält vertraute Einkaufsbelege, vereinfacht aber Analysen, Bestandsbewertung und Finanzreporting durch HANA-optimierte Apps und das Universal Journal.

Glossar

Bestellanforderung
Interne Anforderung, die einen Bedarf vor der Bestellung dokumentiert.
Bestellung
Relevanter Einkaufsbeleg an den Lieferanten.
Wareneingang
Buchung, die erhaltene Ware oder Leistung bestätigt.
Rechnungsprüfung
Vergleich von Lieferantenrechnung, Bestellung und Eingang.
ACDOCA
Universal-Journal-Tabelle für Finanzbelegzeilen in SAP S/4HANA.

Wissenstest

Schließen Sie den Test mit mindestens 70 % ab, um das Zertifikat freizuschalten.

Generator starten