Generátor školicích materiálů

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Procure-to-Pay

Účastníci vysvětlí, jak se nákupní potřeba změní na zaúčtovaný závazek a platbu.

Za??te?n?k (Key-user)

Znalostní test

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P?ehled procesu a byznys kontext

Procure-to-Pay spojuje operativní nákup, příjem, kontrolu faktury a platbu. V S/4HANA je nutné vidět celý řetězec, protože slabá objednávka, pozdní příjem nebo blokovaná faktura rychle ovlivní finance i dodavatele.

End-to-end tok

1Purchase RequisitionME51N
Fiori aplikace: Create Purchase Requisition
Dopad na ACDOCA: No direct ACDOCA posting; creates demand and approval context.
2Purchase OrderME21N
Fiori aplikace: Manage Purchase Orders
Dopad na ACDOCA: No accounting entry for a standard PO, but commitment and valuation expectations are established.
3Goods ReceiptMIGO
Fiori aplikace: Post Goods Movement
Dopad na ACDOCA: Posts inventory or expense and GR/IR clearing where valuation is relevant.
4Invoice VerificationMIRO
Fiori aplikace: Create Supplier Invoice
Dopad na ACDOCA: Posts supplier liability, tax, price differences, and clears GR/IR where matched.
5PaymentF110
Fiori aplikace: Manage Automatic Payments
Dopad na ACDOCA: Clears supplier open item and posts bank/cash movement.

Kl??ov? tabulky

Table	Vysv?tlen?
EKKO	Purchase order header: supplier, purchasing organization, document type, currency, and release state.
EKPO	Purchase order items: material, quantity, price, plant, account assignment, and delivery tolerance.
MARA	General material master data used throughout procurement and inventory processing.
MSEG / MATDOC	Goods movement item data; S/4HANA uses MATDOC as the material document line-item foundation.
RBKP / RSEG	Supplier invoice header and item data used by invoice verification.
ACDOCA	Universal Journal line items for valuation, invoice, and payment-related financial postings.

Postup krok za krokem

Create the purchase requisition

Capture material, plant, quantity, delivery date, account assignment, and requester.

Pozor na: If account assignment is wrong, invoice verification may block later even though purchasing looked correct.

Convert or create the purchase order

Confirm supplier, price, tax code, purchasing organization, delivery tolerances, and approval status.

Pozor na: Avoid teaching ME21N as typing practice; explain why each field controls downstream receipt and invoice behavior.

Post goods receipt

Receive against the PO and check stock, valuation, and GR/IR postings.

Pozor na: A late or missing goods receipt is one of the most common causes of blocked invoices.

Verify supplier invoice

Run the three-way match between PO, receipt, and invoice, then analyze any block.

Pozor na: Price, quantity, and tax differences should be classified before they are released.

Pay and clear supplier item

Execute payment proposal, review exceptions, post payment, and confirm clearing.

Pozor na: Payment terms and baseline date are master-data topics, not only finance topics.

?ast? chyby a ?e?en?

Invoice blocked for quantity variance

Pravd?podobn? p???ina: Supplier invoiced more than received or receipt was not posted.

Postup ?e?en?: Check MIGO/MATDOC receipt and tolerance settings before releasing the block.

Wrong account assignment

Pravd?podobn? p???ina: Cost center, asset, WBS, or GL account was missing or incorrect on PR/PO.

Postup ?e?en?: Correct the purchasing document if possible; otherwise document the finance correction path.

GR/IR balance remains open

Pravd?podobn? p???ina: Receipt and invoice quantities or values do not reconcile.

Postup ?e?en?: Analyze PO history, invoice documents, and clearing logic before month-end close.

Rozd?ly ECC a S/4HANA

S/4HANA zachovává známé nákupní doklady, ale zjednodušuje analytiku, oceňování a reporting přes HANA aplikace a Universal Journal.

Slovn?k

Nákupní požadavek: Interní požadavek dokumentující potřebu před objednávkou.
Nákupní objednávka: Nákupní doklad zaslaný dodavateli.
Příjem zboží: Účtování potvrzující přijaté zboží nebo službu.
Kontrola faktury: Porovnání faktury s objednávkou a příjmem.
ACDOCA: Universal Journal tabulka finančních položek.